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文 wén, 话 huà or 语 yǔ all mean language. While 文，话 and 语 are all used to talk about languages, 文 tends to refer to the written language while the other two tend to be used when referring to the spoken language.

中文	Zhōngwén	Chinese
汉语	Hànyǔ	Chinese (literally 'Han language' )
国语	Guóyǔ	Chinese (literally 'National language' )
德文，德语	Déwén, Déyǔ	German
法文, 法语	Fǎwén, Fǎyǔ	French
意大利(语)	YìdàIlì(yǔ)	Italian (can be used without 语）
广东话	Guǎngdōnghuà	Cantonese
普通话	Pǔtōnghuà	Standard Chinese

Here are some sentences you can use to talk about the languages you speak:

我说英语,德语和法語。 Wǒ shuō Yīngyǔ, Déyǔ hé Fǎyǔ. I speak English, German and French.
我会说普通话。 Wǒ huì shuō Pǔtōnghuà. I can speak Putonghua.
我会说一点儿中文。 Wǒ huì shuō yīdiǎnr Zhōngwén. I speak some Chinese.
你的英语说得很好。 Nǐ de Yīngyǔ shuō de hěn hǎo. Your English is very good.
你说什么外语？ Nǐ shuō shénme wàiyǔ? What languages do you speak?
你说中文吗? Nǐ shuō Zhōngwén ma? Do you speak Chinese?
我的母语是英语 Wǒ de mǔyǔ shì Yīngyǔ. My mother tongue is English.